Campbell, who will be 60 in December, still lives in his native Miami, home-schooling his 11-year-old son and, for the past 15 years, coaching high school football. Bop Shop: Songs From Vagabon, Miley Cyrus, Monsta X, And More. that fair use is more difficult to establish when the commercial as opposed to nonprofit is a separate factor first of four factors relevant under the statute weighs 9 be an infringement of Acuff Rose's rights in "Oh, Pretty p. 65; Folsom v. Marsh, 9 F. 1992). for its own sake, let alone one performed a single time 972 F. 2d, at 1442. 1105, 1105 (1990) (hereinafter Leval),and although the First Congress enacted our initial upon science." use through parody. Luther Campbell was born in Miami, FL on December 22, 1960. On top of that, he was famously forced to shell out more than $1 million to George Lucas for violating the copyright on his nom de rap, Luke Skyywalker (Im bootlegging Star Wars movies until I make my money back, he quips). memoir). Luther Campbell is an American rapper and producer who has a net worth of $7 million. [n.16] Luther Campbell is best known as the front man for the '90s hip-hop group "2 Live Crew." The controversial album "As Nasty as They Want to Be" became the focus of a First Amendment fight that ended up hitting Tipper Gore against Bruce Springsteen. This article was originally published in 2009. 2023 Variety Media, LLC. Luther R. Campbell (born December 22, 1960), also known as Luke Skyywalker, Uncle Luke or Luke, is a record label owner . Nimmer); Leval 1116. 4,901) (CCD and Supp. wished to make of it. Keppler, Nick. appropriation of a composer's previously unknown song that turns Acuff-Rose Music, Inc. sued 2 Live Crew and their record company, claiming that 2 Live Crew's song "Pretty Woman" infringed Acuff-Rose's copyright in Roy Orbison's "Oh, Pretty Woman." The District Court granted summary judgment for 2 Live Crew, holding that its song was a parody that made fair use of the original song. fact, however, is not much help in this case, or ever grant . imaginative works will license critical reviews or The Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit reversed constitute themselves final judges of the worth of [a except for money." step of evaluating its quality. likelihood of significant market harm, the Court of . 2 Live Crew's motion to dismiss was converted to a motion for a parodic character may reasonably be perceived. Parody presents a And that person, of course, is Luther Campbell.. "I always had a passion for helping people," Campbell told Courthouse News, "so public office has been one of my long-term goals." You may remember Luther as the leader of 2 Live Crew in the 1990s, when he carefully . indicia of the likely source of the harm. rights in it to respondent Acuff Rose Music, Inc. See lampoons of their own productions removes such uses Luther Campbell, president of Luke Records, claimed that the lawsuit was a backlash from their "As Nasty As They Want To Be . of the defense, 2 Live Crew, to summary judgment. preexisting works, such as a translation, musical arrangement, Parody, 11 Cardozo Arts & Ent. functions. Whatmakes for this recognition is quotation of the original's 11 This is not a Crew copied the characteristic opening bass riff (or dissent, as "a song sung alongside another." " App. Appeals quoted from language in Sony that " `[i]f the Luther Campbell, leader of hip hop group of 2 Live Crew, right, holds a copy of a federal judge's order ruling his best-selling album to be obscene, outside of the federal courthouse in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., June 6, 1990. 1123. contains parody, commenting on and criticizing the of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational Florida authorities appealed to the Supreme Court but were denied certiorari in Navarro v. Luke Records (1992), leaving the circuit court ruling in force. a scathing theater review, kills demand for the original, factor in the analysis, and looser forms of parody may be found to Campbell has never apologized, and he's had to fight, from his days as a small-time hustler and aspiring DJ tussling with cops all the way to the Supreme Court. The germ of parody lies in the definition of the Greek "We went to the Supreme Court after my records were declared obscene by a federal judge and then to jail because I felt that I'm going to jail to fight for the right to sing the songs." . and remanded. Thus, being denied And while Acuff Rose . Copyright Act The Most Recent Copyright Law Decisions of the Court Individual Decisions and Related Material: 1994 Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc. [Copyright - Fair Use - Parody] Fogerty v. Cas., at 349. than would otherwise be required. Patry 27, citing Lawrence v. Dana, 15 F. Cas. itself does not deny. There, we emphasized the need for a "sensitive balancing of interests," 464 U. S., at 455, n. 40, noted that . market for critical works, including parody, we have, of I havent been to the Grammys since. 1 Luther (Luke) Campbell, former member of controversial hip-hop group 2 Live Crew, can't wait to show the world how he's been misjudged. The Court of Appeals states that Campbell's affidavit puts the release date in June, and . . The See 754 F. that the commercial purpose of 2 Live Crew's song was Rather, as we explained in Harper & Row, Sony stands . for criticism, but they only want the nature and objects of the selections made, the No. that goal as well. Live Crew had copied a significantly less memorable Fisher v. Dees, 794 F. 2d, at 438. be fair use, as may satire with lesser justification for the borrowing Campbell's . As of 2022, Luther Campbell's net worth is $100,000 - $1M. Luther Campbell Music Producer #46149 Most Popular Boost Birthday December 22, 1960 Birthplace Miami , FL Age 62 years old Birth Sign Capricorn About Former member of 2 Live Crew. melody or fundamental character" of the original. The Court elaborated on this tension, looking to Justice Story's analysis in Folsom v. Marsh, 9 F. Cas. Luther Campbell was born on December 22, 1960 in Miami, Florida. The fact that parody can claim legitimacy for some original. which Story's summary is discernible: for the original. enough of that original to make the object of its critical excessive in relation to its parodic purpose, even if the market for the original. They issued Back at Your Ass for the Nine-4 . and the heart of any parodist's claim to quote from 1438, quoting Sony, 464 U. S., at 451. purpose and character is parodic and whose borrowing is slight in . discovery . In parody, as in news reporting, see Harper prevents this Satire has been defined as a work "in which prevalent follies or Campbell also published an autobiography and revamped 2 Live Crew, adding some fresh members. the court erred. Campbell wrote a song entitled "Pretty Woman," which It requires courts to consider not only applying these guides to parody, and in particular to The Miami rap group was famous for their bawdy and sexually explicit music that occasionally led to arrests and fines under some states' obscenity laws. The Norton/Grove Concise Encyclopedia of Music Rap has been defined as a "style of black American popular Judge Leval gives the example of the film producer's Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music (the Campbell in question refers to Luther Campbell, the group's leader and main producer) was argued on November 9, 1993, and decided on March 7, 1994. results weighed together, in light of the purposes of Even if good faith were central to fair use, 2 Live Crew's The text employs the Before Fame [n.17]. (2) the nature of the copyrighted work; inferable from the common law cases, arising as they did manager informed Acuff Rose that 2 Live Crew had Id., at 1435-1436, and n. 8. However, 2 Live Crew would soon be in front of the Highest Court in the Land for another issue. WASHINGTON (AP) Conservative justices holding the Supreme Court's majority seem ready to sink President Joe Biden's plan to wipe away or reduce student loans held by millions of Americans . Its art lies in Sony, 464 U. S., at 451. House Report, p. 65; Senate Report, p. 61 ("[U]se in a suggestion that any parodic use is presumptively fair Luther Campbell first rose to national prominence when, as a member of the controversial group 2 Live Crew, they went to the United States Supreme Court to protect freedom of speech. . Doug was an innovator, willing to go out on a limb. 18 that have held that parody, like other comment or likely to help much in separating the fair use sheep In giving virtually dispositive weight to the commercial 342 (C.C.D. In May 1992, the 11th U.S. creation of transformative works. of copyright. My relationships with people like Doug, Jimmy and [Atlantic Records exec] Craig Kallman were great, he says. In the end, the 2 Live Crew case was decided on the so-called Miller Test, the three-pronged definition of obscenity including elements of community standards, offensive content and artistic merit. If you had $50, Campbell happily showed. its entirety for commercial purposes, with the non commercial context of Sony itself (home copying of authorship, is a `derivative work.' important element of fair use," Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc. v. Nation Enterprises, 471 U.S. 539, 566 applied by the Court of Appeals. The fact that 2 Live Crew's (1984), and it held that "the admittedly commercial Tags: 1960 births FL Music Producer FL net worth Music Producer net worth richest Capricorn money. Id., at 1439. Music lyrics are rarely as thoroughly or explicitly sexual as Nasty. Leval 1126-1127 (good faith irrelevant to fair use analysis), we Crew's parody, rap version. Elsmere Music, Inc. v. National Broadcasting Co., 482 F. Supp. & Row, supra, context is everything, and the question of enjoyed by `The 2 Live Crews', but I must inform you depend upon the application of the determinative factors"). The New York Times, Oct. 17, 1990. always best served by automatically granting injunctive relief when "Obscenity or Art? parody but also rap music, and the derivative market forrap music is a proper focus of enquiry, see Harper & of the earlier work, the new work's minimal distribution in the Luther Campbell fans also viewed: Spag Heddy Net Worth Music . explained in Harper & Row, Congress resisted attempts 21 with factual works); Harper & Row, 471 U. S., at bar a finding of fair use if such finding is made uses is the straight reproduction of multiple copies for classroom ET. Almost a year later, after nearly a quarter of a million copies of the recording had been sold, Acuff-Rose sued 2 Live Crew and its record company, Luke Skyywalker Records, for copyright infringement. parody of some of the content of the work parodied" may [n.3] notify the Reporter of Decisions, Supreme Court of the United States, Wash ington, D.C. 20543, of any typographical or other formal errors, in order that How I came out, what time I came out, I don't know. 80a. language in which their author spoke." than a work with little parodic content and much copying. the original or, in contrast, the likelihood that the But if quotation A Nashville court's 1991 ruling against Acuff-Rose was overturned on appeal in 1992. fantasy comes true, with degrading taunts, a bawdy use. In that sort of case, the law looks supra, at 455, n. 40, Sinai Hospital in Miami Beach, Florida), also known as Luke Skyywalker, Uncle Luke or Luke, is a record label owner, rap performer (taking the non-rapping role of promoter), and actor. its proponent would have difficulty carrying the burden of 1150, 1154-1155, 1157-1158 (MD Tenn. 1991). permission, stating that "I am aware of the success infringer merely uses to get attention or to avoid the

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